Five Common Health Issues in Cats and How to Spot Them

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Written by Content Critter

On January 24, 2025
Five Common Health Issues in Cats and How to Spot Them

Cats are some of the most wonderful companions known for their independent and affectionate nature. However, like all pets, they can experience health issues that require attention. Understanding the most common health issues in cats, recognizing their symptoms, and taking preventive measures can help ensure your feline friend leads a happy and healthy life.

1. Dental Disease

One of the most common health issues in cats is dental disease. Tartar build up and plaque can lead to gingivitis, periodontitis, and even tooth loss if left untreated. If you suspect your cat may be experiencing dental issues, some of the common signs are bad breath, difficulty eating(especially kibble), drooling, and swollen or bleeding gums. 

Regular dental check-ups and brushing your cat’s teeth at home can reduce the risk of dental disease. Introduce your cat to tooth brushing as soon as possible. The earlier they get used to the sensation, the easier it will be for you to brush their teeth in the future. Providing dental treats or specialized cat foods designed to support oral health can also help. 

2. Obesity

Obesity is a growing problem among cats and can lead to other serious health issues, such as diabetes, joint problems, and heart disease. Indoor cats are particularly prone to weight gain due to reduced activity levels. If your cat is difficult to groom, shows a lack of energy, or the most obvious sign is noticeable weight gain or an inability to feel your cat’s ribs. If you notice these things, you can be sure your cat is beginning to experience obesity. 

Before you bring a cat home, ensure you do your research to find the best food brand to suit their needs.  Feed your cat a balanced diet and avoid overfeeding. Engage your cat in regular play sessions with interactive toys to keep them active, especially if they are indoor cats.

3. Urinary Tract Issues

Urinary tract problems are common health issues in cats, particularly in males. Due to their anatomy, which consists of narrower urethras, they become more susceptible to blockages caused by inflammation, crystals, or mucus plugs. Cats have more concentrated urine, promoting the formation of crystals or bladder stones. 

These urinary problems can range from urinary tract infections (UTIs) to more severe conditions like feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) or blockages. If you notice any strange behaviors, such as straining to urinate, frequent trips to the litter box with little output, blood in the urine, or crying out in pain during urination, it is time to schedule a vet visit immediately. 

Ensure your cat has access to clean, fresh water at all times and feed them a moisture-rich diet, such as wet cat food, to promote urinary health.

4. Parasites

External parasites, like fleas and ticks, and internal parasites, such as worms, are common health issues in cats. Young kittens are the most vulnerable to intestinal parasites, which can cause a variety of problems, including poor growth, diarrhea, vomiting, anemia, and a pot-bellied appearance. Kittens should get their first dose at two weeks of age and be treated every two weeks until they are 8-12 weeks old. If you still notice signs of excessive scratching or grooming, hair loss or skin irritation, vomiting or diarrhea (common with internal parasites), or a bloated abdomen, especially in kittens, you should schedule a vet visit right away. 

Regular flea and tick prevention treatments and routine deworming are essential. Keep your cat’s environment clean and inspect them regularly, especially if they go outdoors.

Common Health Issues in Cats and How to Spot Them

5. Respiratory Infections

Respiratory infections in cats are common and can affect their upper or lower respiratory tracts. It is often caused by viruses such as feline herpesvirus (FHV-1), feline calicivirus (FCV), and bacteria like Bordetella bronchiseptica. If you board your cat at a facility, it is essential to give them this vaccination. Symptoms typically include sneezing, nasal discharge, coughing, congestion, and watery or red eyes. You may also notice a fever, lethargy, decreased appetite, or noisy breathing. Vaccinations can protect your cat against respiratory illnesses. To reduce the risk, minimize stress and maintain good hygiene in your cat’s living environment to reduce the risk of infections.

Prompt treatment, proper hydration, and isolation from other cats in your home can help prevent the spread of infection and support recovery.

6. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

Chronic kidney disease is a serious condition and is more prevalent in older cats. The kidneys gradually lose their ability to filter waste products and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. CKD can be caused by a variety of factors, including age-related degeneration, infections, toxins, high blood pressure, or genetic predispositions in certain breeds like Persians or Maine Coons. Some of the early signs of Chronic Kidney Disease include increased thirst and urination, weight loss, vomiting or nausea, and lethargy.

While CKD cannot always be prevented, early diagnosis through regular vet check-ups can help manage the condition and slow its progression. Feeding your cat a kidney-support diet can also improve their quality of life.

7. Diabetes

Diabetes is another common health issue in cats, often linked to obesity. Maintaining your cats’ weight is the key to overall health!  It occurs when the body cannot regulate blood sugar levels effectively, thus causing them to increase to dangerous levels. Symptoms to watch for are increased thirst and urination, unexplained weight loss despite a healthy appetite, and weakness in the hind legs. These symptoms should be easy to spot, especially if you monitor your cat frequently. 

A healthy diet and maintaining your cat’s ideal weight can reduce the risk of diabetes. If diagnosed, your vet may recommend insulin therapy and dietary changes to help maintain their quality of life.

Recognizing When to See a Vet

Cats are masters at hiding pain, which can make detecting health issues challenging. Pay close attention to changes in your cat’s behavior, appetite, and energy levels. Regular vet visits are critical for catching problems early and ensuring your cat’s overall well-being.

Preventing common health issues in cats starts with proactive care. Ensure your cat has regular veterinary check-ups, a balanced diet, and an enriched environment that encourages physical activity and mental stimulation.

Understanding the signs of potential health issues and taking preventive measures can help your cat avoid serious problems and live a long, happy life. Remember, a little attention to prevention can go a long way in keeping your furry friend healthy and thriving.

If you need care for your cat while traveling or at work you can always call on the Content Critter for professional loving cat sitting.  www.ContentCritter.com

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